What are the Transportation Types in International Transportation?
What are the Transportation Types in International Transportation?
There are various shipping methods and types in international transportation, they are generally selected based on the nature of the cargo, quantity, delivery time, cost and other factors. Here are some of the shipping types commonly used in international transportation:
Sea Transportation: It is preferred for transportation of large amounts of cargo. There are various options such as container shipping (container ships), semi-loaders and special transport ships.
Air Transportation: Preferred for loads requiring fast delivery. However, it is generally more costly than sea or road transportation.
Road Transportation: It is quite common in intracontinental transportation. Factors such as customs controls should be taken into consideration in cross-border transportation.
Railway Transportation: Although it is not common in intercontinental transportation, it is an option used on some routes. It may be especially effective in certain areas.
Multimodal Transportation: It is an approach that involves the combination of more than one type of transportation. For example, domestic transportation can be made from one continent to another by sea and then by road.
Ro-Ro (Roll-On/Roll-Off): It is used especially for the transportation of motor vehicles such as cars, buses and trucks. Vehicles can be easily loaded onto and off the ship.
Combined Transportation: It is a method in which different transportation types are brought together. For example, the combination of sea and rail transportation.
Transport Containers: Standardized containers, which are widely used especially in sea and land transportation, are used to easily transport and store cargo.
Cold Chain Transportation: Required for transportation of perishable products. It is especially used in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Project Freight Transportation: It is used for the transportation of large, heavy loads with special transportation requirements and dimensions different from normal loads.
The above mentioned are just a few of the common shipping types used in international shipping. Which type of transportation to choose may vary depending on factors such as the nature of the load, destination, budget and time.
How is International Transportation Done?
International transportation involves the transportation of goods and cargo between different countries. This process can be complex and involve many details. Here are the general steps of international shipping:
Preparation of the Cargo: For the transportation process, first of all, the load to be transported must be packaged and prepared correctly. Depending on the type of cargo, appropriate packaging and labeling must be done.
Transportation Planning: It should be decided which transportation method (sea, air, road, railway) will be used. This is determined depending on the characteristics of the cargo, delivery time, costs and other factors.
Preparation of Documents: International transportation may require various documents and permits. Documents such as customs declarations, transportation contracts, and insurance documents may need to be prepared for export and import transactions.
Customs Procedures: Customs procedures must be carried out when the cargo crosses the country borders. Customs clearance may include payment of taxes and duties. It is important to submit accurate and complete documents at this stage.
Transportation and Tracking: The movement of the load begins with the selected transportation method. It is important to monitor the load throughout the transportation process, follow its route and intervene when necessary.
Delivery: Delivery is made when the load reaches its destination. The delivery location can be the recipient's address or the designated warehouse.
Customs Procedures and Distribution: Customs procedures may also be required in the country where the cargo is received. At this stage, customs declarations and other documents are again used. The load is then delivered to the receiver or distribution point.
Payments and Financial Transactions: Financial obligations such as transportation fees, customs duties, and insurance costs may need to be fulfilled. It is important that payments are made properly and on time.
Insurance Procedures: Insurance procedures may be required to ensure safe transportation of the cargo. This is important to minimize possible damages and losses.
Feedback and Improvement: After the migration process is completed, it is important to evaluate the entire process and make improvements where necessary. This can help make future moves more efficient and hassle-free.
International transportation process may vary depending on the country and cargo characteristics. It is therefore important to seek expert advice and take into account all necessary legal requirements.